Energy
Peak demand vs. energy use: what supermarket demand response really saves.
kW, kWh, load shifting and recovery explained, before you evaluate a refrigeration demand-response or load-shed pilot.
Demand is a rate. Energy is a total.
Demand is how quickly electricity is being used, in kilowatts (kW). Energy is how much is used over time, in kilowatt-hours (kWh). A 10 kW load running for two hours uses 20 kWh. Cutting a short peak does not necessarily cut the total used over a day.
Every event has a before and an after.
Pre-chilling may increase use before an event, and equipment recovers afterwards. Measure the whole period to see whether consumption fell or simply moved.
The tariff decides the value.
What flexibility is worth depends on your tariff, demand charges and any utility program. A 15% cut in peak load is not a 15% cut in the bill.
Case temperatures come first.
Before any event, agree eligible equipment, temperature limits, exclusions, who can override participation and how recovery is handled, store by store.
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